Connect with us
background

Marine Life & Conservation Blogs

Creature Feature: Nurse Sharks

Published

on

In this series, the Shark Trust will be sharing amazing facts about different species of sharks and what you can do to help protect them.

This month we’re taking a look at Nurse Sharks! This species of slow-moving bottom dwelling shark is best known for snuggling together at night. 

There is debate around the origin of the common name ‘Nurse Shark’. Some people believe it may derive from the sucking sound they create when they are searching for their prey in the sand (resembling that of a baby feeding on milk), whilst other theories suggest it comes from the Old English word for ‘sea-floor shark’, hurse.

As bottom dwellers, Nurse Sharks use a special method of respiration called ‘buccal pumping’. In essence, this method uses the cheek muscles to draw water into the mouth and force it out again over the gills. This keeps the gills oxygenated even when the shark isn’t swimming. Some species, like Hammerheads, have to keep swimming continuously in order to supply oxygen to their gills, otherwise they would suffocate. The buccal pumping method allows Nurse Sharks to live a more sedentary life resting on the sea floor during the day and being more active at night. Another species that uses this technique is the Angel Shark – check out our Angel Shark conservation work here.

Nurse Sharks are also recognisable for their ‘barbels’: long, fleshy appendages which hang down off their snout and are thought to provide a sense of touch when trying to locate their prey along the seafloor.

Their most unique behaviour is that Nurse Sharks tend to sleep together, side by side, during the day when they are resting. These groups can pile up to 40 sharks! Scientists aren’t too sure why they do this, but it might be for protection from predators.

Tawny Nurse Shark

Scientific Name: Nebrius ferrugineus

*Greek: Nebri, -idos = skin of a fawn, This likely makes a reference to Nurse Sharks having softer skin than most other sharks.

Latin, ferruginous – refers to the colour of iron-rust

Family: Ginglymostomatidae

*Greek: ginglymus = hinge; stoma = mouth. Both of which presumably refer to how the corner of the mouth has a hinged appearance.

Maximum Size: 3.08m  (total maximum length)

DietBottom dwelling animals such as stingrays, squid, crabs, snails, urchins, lobsters.

Distribution: Shallow waters of the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific.

Habitat: Juveniles spend time in shallow reefs, mangrove habitats and seagrass beds. Large adults migrate to deeper water.

Conservation Status: This species is caught for meat, fins, liver oil, leather and fishmeal.

IUCN Red List Status: Vulnerable.

For more great shark information and conservation visit the Shark Trust Website


Image Credits: Laura Corbe

The Shark Trust is the leading UK-based shark conservation charity. The team works globally to safeguard the future of sharks, and their close cousins, the skates and rays. Engaging with a global network of scientists, policymakers, conservation professionals, businesses and supporters, to further shark conservation. Established in 1997 to provide a voice for UK sharks, the Shark Trust has an ever-growing number of passionate supporters. And together we're creating positive change for sharks around the world. Want to join us and help protect sharks around the world? Click here! www.sharktrust.org

Blogs

Heading out on the water this Summer? Watch for manatees

Published

on

manatee

As National Safe Boating Week approaches, Save the Manatee® Club is urging boaters, and anyone that enjoys Florida’s waterways, to respect and protect the defenseless manatees that inhabit our shared waterways. From May 18 to 24, leading up to Memorial Day Weekend, the campaign aims to raise awareness about recreational boating safety and the importance of safeguarding imperiled manatees during the summer boating season. This week also emphasizes the importance of encouraging boaters to enroll in a boating safety course.

Manatees are semi-migratory marine mammals that are commonly found in shallow estuaries, bays, rivers, canals, and coastal areas throughout Florida and neighboring states. With some manatees venturing as far west as Texas and as far north as Massachusetts, collisions between these gentle giants and watercraft have become distressingly frequent. Boat propellers and high-speed collisions pose significant threats to manatees, often resulting in severe injuries or even death.

Save the Manatee Club is calling on all water enthusiasts to follow essential manatee safety tips to ensure the well-being of the imperiled manatee:

  • Obey Speed Zone Signs: Familiarize yourself with and adhere to posted speed limits to prevent collisions with manatees.
  • Reduce Glare with Polarized Sunglasses: Wear polarized sunglasses to enhance visibility and spot manatees below the water’s surface.
  • Recognize Manatee Signs: Learn to identify signs of manatees in the area, such as swirls or flat spots on the water caused by their movements.
  • Respect Manatee Sanctuaries: Keep a safe distance from posted manatee sanctuaries and avoid pursuing or harassing these marine mammals, as it is illegal and can disrupt their natural behaviors.
  • Report Distressed Manatees: In Florida, promptly report distressed, injured, tagged, or orphaned manatees to the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) at 1-888-404-FWCC (3922). Outside of Florida, report sightings to the appropriate state agency or rescue organization. A list of agencies to contact is available at savethemanatee.org/report.
  • Protect Seagrass Beds: Avoid boating over seagrass beds and shallow areas where manatees may be feeding. Stick to deep water channels while remaining vigilant, as manatees also utilize these channels during their travels.
  • Dispose of Fishing Line Responsibly: Anglers should properly dispose of or recycle used fishing line to prevent entanglement hazards for manatees.

“Each year, National Safe Boating Week provides an excellent reminder for all of us to be aware that we share our waterways with vulnerable manatees,” emphasized Patrick Rose, Aquatic Biologist and Executive Director of Save the Manatee Club. “With the recent Unusual Mortality Event on Florida’s East Coast claiming an alarming number of manatees’ lives, it is more crucial than ever to prevent preventable deaths caused by watercraft collisions. By following manatee-safe boating guidelines, such as obeying speed zones and remaining vigilant for manatees, everyone on the water can contribute to the protection of these gentle giants.”

Save the Manatee Club offers a range of free materials to help safeguard manatees and raise awareness about manatee-safe boating practices. Shoreline property owners and park or marina managers can order aluminum dock signs to alert others about the presence of manatees in their areas. Boaters and paddlers can request packets containing a safety tips card, a waterproof boat banner, and a decal to display on their vessels, providing the number to report manatees in distress. To view and request these materials, visit savethemanatee.org/resources. Save the Manatee Club will also be hosting a live webinar for National Safe Boating Week on Tuesday, May 21st at 6pm EST. To register, visit savethemanatee.org/register.

Continue Reading

Marine Life & Conservation Blogs

Book Review: Shells of the World

Published

on

Shells of the World: A Natural History by M.G. Harasewych

Shells of the world is a guide to the world of marine, shelled molluscs. And what a varied and interesting world it is. Some of my favourite things to find on a dive are detailed in this book, including disco clams (or Electric File Clams as they are correctly names), the cephalopods, giant clams and sea hares. There are also many on my wish list, top of which is the Nautilus.

Each chapter provides a detailed description of the species, along with beautiful images. You can dive deeper and discover where they live, both with global distribution and the habitat they prefer. Learn about their diet, reproduction and diversity.

Having dipped in and out of this lovely book over the past few weeks, it has inspired me to learn more about this group of animals that we see on most divers, wherever we are in the world. Some of the shells are incredibly intricate and beautiful. I have always agreed with never collecting, or touching, marine life. The description of a certain set of cone shells should be a warning to those that are happy to pick up marine life! One of the cone shells has a local name called the cigarette snail. Why? Because once the venom is in your system from this animal, you only have time to smoke one cigarette before the affects of the venom are fatal!

What the publisher says:

Mollusks are invertebrate animals with a remarkable natural history and a rich fossil record, and their shells are prized for their breathtaking variety and exquisite beauty. Shells of the World provides a wide-ranging look at the incredible diversity of marine mollusks. An informative introduction outlines the lineages covered, followed by a directory section, split into classes, that profiles a broad selection of different taxa to give a sense of their sheer numbers and variety.

  • Features hundreds of beautiful color photos, depicting both the live animals and their shells
  • Discusses mollusk evolution, anatomy, life cycles, behavior, and ecology
  • Describes unique characteristics, distribution, habitat, and size
  • Provides valuable insights into the conservation of the world’s marine mollusks
  • Ideal for malacologists and shell collectors everywhere

About the Author:

M. G. Harasewych is research zoologist emeritus and former curator in the Department of Invertebrate Zoology at the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History. A fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, he is the author (with Fabio Moretzsohn) of The Book of Shells: A Life-Size Guide to Identifying and Classifying Six Hundred Seashells.

Book Details

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Hardcover

Price: £25

ISBN: 9780691248271

Published: 9th April, 2024

Continue Reading

E-Newsletter Sign up!

Experience the Red Sea in May with Bella Eriny Liveaboard! As the weather warms up, there’s no better time to dive into the crystal clear waters of the Red Sea. Join us on Bella Eriny, your premier choice for Red Sea liveaboards, this May for an unforgettable underwater adventure. Explore vibrant marine life and stunning coral reefs Enjoy comfortable accommodation in our spacious cabins Savor delicious meals prepared by our onboard chef Benefit from the expertise of our professional dive guides Visit our website for more information and to secure your spot: www.scubatravel.com/BellaEriny or call 01483 411590 More Less

Instagram Feed

Popular