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The BiG Scuba Podcast Episode 180: Dawn Kernagis

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Dawn Kernagis

Gemma and Ian chat to Dawn Kernagis.  Dawn joined DEEP in 2023 as the Director of Scientific Research.   DEEP is an ocean technology and exploration company with a mission to ‘Make Humans Aquatic.’ DEEP’s undersea habitat and submersible systems, combined with multi-phased diver and human performance training, will create the next evolution of subsea science, research, and exploration capabilities.   Dawn is a NASA-trained NEEMO Aquanaut, Explorer’s Club Fellow and Women Divers Hall of Fame Inductee and who is also tasked to establish DEEP’s first US presence in North Carolina.   Dawn has also been a diver with numerous underwater exploration, research, and conservation projects since 1993, including the mapping and record-setting exploration of some of the deepest underwater caves in the world.

https://www.deep.com/

https://www.linkedin.com/in/dawn-kernagis-995383152/

The BiG Scuba Podcast is brought to you by Narked at 90.   “Beyond Technical”   Narked at 90    If you are thinking of moving across to tech diving or completely new to diving, Narked at 90 can advise and guide on the best equipment and set up for your personal or commercial requirements  https://www.narkedat90.com/.  There is currently a code for you to use for purchases and the code is  BIGSCUBA2024.

If you are interested in the INSTA360 action camera we discussed then please click this link:   https://www.insta360.com/sal/x3?utm_term=INRAI8S

We hope you have enjoyed this episode of The BiG Scuba Podcast.  Please give us ★★★★★, leave a review, and tell your friends.   Contact Gemma and Ian with your messages, ideas and feedback via The BiG Scuba Bat Phone    +44 7810 005924   or use our social media platforms.   To keep up to date with the latest news, follow us:

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Visit   https://www.patreon.com/thebigscubapodcast and subscribe – Super quick and easy to do and it makes a massive difference. Thank you.

🎧You can listen to the BiG Scuba Podcast on all major podcast platforms including …. iTunes, SoundCloud, Spotify and Stitcher 😀.  ISSN Number 2752-6127

The BiG Scuba Podcast is a UK based podcast, discussing everything to do with diving, other underwater and on the water activities and the ocean. Our hope is to promote scuba diving to more people including women. Ian Last and Gemma Kemp are the “I” and the “G” of The BiG Scuba Podcast. Ian is a PADI Divemaster, with about 300 dives from diving in the UK, Mexico and Red Sea. He works with our local PADI Dive Centre in Norwich, Norfolk and also teaches in the water. Gemma Kemp is a very positive person and makes a good ambassador for new women divers in the sport of scuba. Gemma began her scuba journey in January and continued studying through lockdown and then got some experience in our local rivers snorkelling. Gemma completed her PADI Open Water qualification in July 2020 and now has completed just short of 20 dives. We actively encourage interaction with our listeners and have a Patron page so that anyone with an interest in scuba diving can have a voice at The BiG Scuba Podcast. Take your first breaths with The BiG Scuba at thebigscubapodcast.com

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Dive the Richest Reefs in the World with the Pioneers of Raja Ampat

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raja ampat

Papua Diving Resorts are the pioneers of sustainable tourism and diving in Raja Ampat. Our award-winning resorts are PADI Five Star and were the first exclusive dive resorts in the heart of the Dampier Strait. Where lush jungle meets clear, warm waters and the richest reefs on earth, let yourself embrace an escape like no other.

With over 30 years of operation in Raja Ampat and award-winning commitment to the people and environment of Papua, Papua Diving Resorts’ experience and impact are unrivalled. This makes us the natural choice for ocean enthusiasts.

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Our founder, Max Ammer, has been diving and exploring Raja Ampat since 1990, discovering the dive sites the area is so famous for. Paying tribute to his family, Max named a few of the dive sites after his wife and children, including Melissa’s Garden and Mike’s Point, as well as coming up with quirky names like Chicken Reef and Sardine Reef because of his experiences while diving there for the first time.

Papua Diving Resorts is just a stone’s throw away from the famous Cape Kri, world record holder of most reef fish species counted on a single dive: 374 counted by ichthyologist Dr. Gerry Allen in 2012. In an interview, he said:

“One of my favorite places to dive in Raja Ampat is Cape Kri near Sorido Resort… I didn’t even have to look for fish. They found me! The survey was the highest species count I’ve ever tallied on one dive, 374 distinct species in 90 minutes!”

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Photo: Anita Verde & Peter Marshall / Summits to Seas

Our dedicated team will make sure you see the best of Raja Ampat as we take you on incredible trips to the Fam Islands, Mushroom Islands and Manta points, just an hour away from our resorts. Experience Raja Ampat’s super reefs in a whole new light by joining the fluorescent dive and blackwater dives around Kri Island. Or simply enjoy a relaxing sunset and night dive where you can be sure to see the elusive mandarin fish and famous walking shark.

With Papua Diving Resorts, guests get the chance to experience the Last Paradise at the very first dive resort in the area. Here, qualified and experienced staff are committed to giving guests the best Raja Ampat has to offer through Papua Diving Resorts’ quality service, food, and excursions.

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Photo: Renee Capazzola

OUR RESORTS

Papua Diving Resorts provides two world-class options to stay on Kri Island: the more traditional Kri Eco Resort, and upscaled boutique Sorido Bay Resort.

Sorido Bay Resort is our luxury boutique option 

Perfect for those who want a touch of luxury, Sorido Bay Resort is a collection of 9 charming bungalows with spacious rooms and ensuites, each with Wi-Fi, AC and fan and a veranda that overlooks a vibrant house reef. The private resort faces the Papuan sunrise, basking the island in a warm glow for a beautiful day in Indonesia’s Crown Jewel. Indulge in community-style meals at the sea-view restaurant that overlooks the turquoise waters of the house reef and Sorido Blue Hole beyond. If you’re lucky, you might spot a pod of dolphins or even whales with your morning coffee or afternoon tea.

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Photo: Don Silcock

Sorido Bay Resort also houses the world’s first Raja Ampat SEACAM Center (RASC), where you can take your underwater photography to a new level. Take advantage of yearly underwater photography workshops led by award winning SEACAM Ambassador, Don Silcock. The seven-day structured classroom and in-water workshop sessions will take you through specially curated dive sites, where you’ll put into practice the insights and techniques you’ve learned. At the RASC, you can also take advantage of our inventory of SEACAM gear and equipment and try them out for a dive.

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For a few weeks throughout the year, SEACAM Ambassadors will also be available on-site at our resorts for any personalized guidance, according to your needs and equipment. Take the chance to troubleshoot any camera equipment technicalities or simply learn from the best in the industry through weekly presentations during your stay.

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The resident SEACAM Ambassador program will commence in July 2025 with Don Silcock at Sorido Bay from July 6 to August 19, 2025. The program will expand in 2026 with regular visits by both Don and other SEACAM Ambassadors, so stay tuned!

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Kri Eco Resort is where paradise meets sustainability

Looking out over the dark blue waters of the Dampier Strait and distant mountain ranges, Kri Eco Resort is a cluster of authentic Papuan-style water bungalows built from locally sourced materials with 3 room types to choose from—two of which have communal bathrooms. The 13 cottages come with Wi-Fi, electric fans for still nights, and direct access to Kri’s vibrant house reef. The over-water sun deck area faces the Papuan setting sun, creating the picture-perfect spot for bright orange sunsets. With a more in-touch-with-nature feel, Kri Eco Resort bungalows allow guests to fully enjoy the cool sea breeze and natural beauty paradise has to offer.

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Regardless of where you stay, you can be sure to experience the rich biodiversity of Raja Ampat. Enjoy looking down from our jetty into the crystal-clear waters of the house reef, where you can spot stingrays, blacktip reef sharks, and turtles, and if you’re lucky even some dolphins and dugongs swimming by.

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Photo: A.E. Lotak

The resort grounds are also rich with land creatures such as monitor lizards, cuscus, even kingfisher birds and sea eagles. Embrace your adventurous side and take a kayak out to the sandbar that appears during low tide, or a hike through the jungles that sit between the two resorts.

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Photo: Luca Vaime

Wherever you choose to book with us, guests at Papua Diving Resorts can enjoy the community coming together through a shared passion, sharing stories with divers and adventurers alike during mealtimes and excursions.

CONSERVATION

By staying at Papua Diving Resorts, you become part of the effort to protect this beautiful yet fragile environment. From offering schooling and sustainable employment for indigenous people, to boosting shark populations, Papua Diving Resort’s aim is to leave this world better than we found it.

Providing education and training to the local indigenous Papuan villagers is a part of our mission at Papua Diving Resorts, through which they can take the skills and knowledge and apply it to their livelihoods.

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Photo: David Doubilet

When Max arrived in Raja Ampat, he found a community that depended on shark and ray finning to provide for their families. To encourage a more sustainable approach to earning a living, Max employed and upskilled the locals through teaching them boatbuilding, woodworking and guiding guests to experience all that Paradise has to offer.

Creating partnerships with locals in the nearby villages, Max sought to provide one-of-a-kind guest experiences to see and photograph the Red and Wilson Bird of Paradise, seen only in Raja Ampat. Aligned with our mission at Papua Diving Resorts to protect nature and empower the local people, a portion of our proceeds go back to these local partnerships.

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Photo: LHS

As leaders in conservation and pioneers of sustainable tourism and diving in Raja Ampat, Papua Diving Resorts offers guests an unforgettable opportunity to experience the best of Indonesia’s Crown Jewel. Located at the heart of the Dampier Strait, we invite you to explore the rich biodiversity of the area, both above and underwater.

Underwater Photography Workshops at the Raja Ampat SEACAM Center

July 20-26 & August 10-16, 2025

SEACAM Ambassador Don Silcock on-site at Sorido Bay Resort

July 6 – August 19, 2025

Reach out to our team to find out more about how the resident SEACAM Ambassadors can help you with your underwater photography skills and goals during your stay. 

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Photo: Anita Verde & Peter Marshall / Summits to Seas

SPECIAL OFFER

Receive a 10% discount when you book direct for stays during the period of June – September 2025

BOOK NOW

info@papua-diving.com
www.papua-diving.com

raja ampat

Photo: Scotty Graham

Main Image: Don Silcock

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Beach Builders of the Reef: The Parrotfish’s Hidden Role

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Take a closer look at one of Wakatobi Resort’s most valuable yet often overlooked marine inhabitants: the parrotfish.

Among the thousands of marine species found in Wakatobi’s waters, none are more prevalent than the parrotfish. This keystone species, a relative of the wrasses, plays a vital role in maintaining reef health and even creating the sandy beaches that line tropical shores. Without parrotfish, the balance of coral ecosystems would be disrupted, and beach formations would diminish. But before exploring their impact, it’s worth understanding what makes these creatures so fascinating.

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Up to 35 species of parrotfish can be found on Wakatobi’s reefs, including the bumphead, known for it’s larger size, bulbous forehead, and exposed teeth plates. Photo by Wayne MacWilliams

Estimates suggest there are between 80 and 90 known species of parrotfish. Earlier classifications listed more than 300 varieties, largely due to the fish’s remarkable ability to change color, shape, and even sex throughout their lives. This trait has led to a diverse range of names, from the Midnight parrotfish (Scarus coelestinus) to the Rainbow parrotfish (Scarus guacamaia) and the Green Humphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum).

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A juvenile bicolor parrotfish lounges on the reef. Photo by Christian Gloor

Coral Crunchers in Action

Wakatobi’s reefs are home to 35 parrotfish species, often spotted along the upper reef slopes or in nearby seagrass beds. Their name comes from their vivid colors and their fused teeth, which form a beak-like structure ideal for scraping algae from coral. Behind this dental armor lies a second set of molar-like teeth that grind coral fragments to extract tiny algae and polyps.

The sound of parrotfish crunching on coral is a common underwater soundtrack at Wakatobi. While algae are their primary food source, parrotfish also consume sponges, worms, and other small reef dwellers. The coral they ingest is ground into fine particles and later expelled as sand—helping to form the very beaches that make Wakatobi such a breathtaking destination.

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A juvenile bicolor parrotfish lounges on the reef. Photo by Christian Gloor

Nature’s Sand Factories

Each parrotfish produces an estimated 10 ounces (280 grams) of sand per day, amounting to around 220 pounds (100 kilograms) per year. On reefs with healthy parrotfish populations, this adds up to approximately one ton of sand per acre annually. Beyond building beaches, the sand they produce creates habitats for burrowing animals and helps maintain reef equilibrium by preventing algae from overwhelming coral formations.

Global parrotfish populations are declining in some regions due to overfishing, but Wakatobi’s protected marine reserve ensures these essential reef caretakers thrive. The resort’s ongoing dedication to conservation has created a sanctuary where parrotfish and countless other marine species flourish.

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A bumphead parrotfish munches away on corals. Photo by Werner Fiedler

Nighttime Secrets

Divers visiting Wakatobi are almost guaranteed to encounter parrotfish during every dive, ranging from small one-foot varieties to the four-foot bumphead parrotfish. Those who venture out at dusk may witness a unique behavior—parrotfish creating their mucous sleeping cocoons. This protective bubble is thought to mask the fish’s scent from predators and parasites, providing a fascinating spectacle for night divers.

Despite their commonplace appearance, parrotfish are anything but ordinary. On your next dive, take a moment to appreciate these industrious reef architects. Identifying their various species can be a rewarding challenge, and they always make engaging photo subjects. Most importantly, remember that the very beach beneath your feet owes much of its beauty to the unassuming parrotfish.

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A school of longnose parrotfish grazes Wakatobi’s reef. The fish at the upper right is discharging sand. Photo by Rich Carey

For more information on exploring Wakatobi’s reefs, email office@wakatobi.com, visit wakatobi.com or follow Wakatobi Resort on Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube.

Header Image: Erik Schlogl

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