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Marine Life & Conservation

Great White Shark Legend: The Interview, Part 2

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Jeff Goodman interviews Ricardo and Rachel Lacombe about their film, Great White Shark Legend

Great White Shark Legend is a well thought out and developed film. It is sensitively filmed and directed as well as being very informative and revelatory in both hard facts as well as emotional content. I talked with Ricardo and Rachel Lacombe about its making.

Rachel Lacombe

Ricardo Lacombe

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Read Part 1 here.

Part 2

Jeff: Where there any favourite moments while making the film, and if so, are they in the final product?

Ricardo: It was a lot of hard work, and very long hours, and sometimes harsh weather out there, so sometimes it did feel more like work. Which it was. However, to help you take stock of what you are actually pointing your camera at, nature sometimes threw me a reminder.

One was a breach we captured on film. We never intended this to be what I call “camera porn”. Every year TV shows have to ramp up the technical aspect of things like high frame rate slo-mos and getting cameras into new places. I get it, and understand the TV rational for doing so. But that wasn’t our film. But one thing we HAD to capture well for at least just one shot was a big breach. It’s really challenging to be on a full zoom lens with the boat bobbing around while towing a decoy. It makes you feel motion sick and you need steady legs and steady hands and gear. One tow we had been filming for around 40 minutes and coming to an end with no success when this magnificent breach happened. Shark full out of the water, upside down, flipped around. It happens in a second and I knew it was a stunning breach. No one got it because everyone had tired arms and eyes but I thought I had. I ran back to the cabin and played it back and it was in frame and in focus and I almost cried that I had been able to catch such a display on basic gear. I put the camera down and went out to look at the sea for a while with deep breathes of sea air in my lungs and thought “this is nature and I am humbled to be here”. That’s the shot that introduces our section on breaching in the film. It’s not the most technically exaggerated shot, and it’s no BBC Wildlife competition by any means, but for me it marks what this journey of viewing Great Whites is all about.

Rachel: The really cool thing was getting to spend time and really get to know those who work in the shark industry, which was a privilege. But the real honour is sharing a small boat with other shark advocates, the guests on board. Being in this truly magical place of False Bay and witnessing these displays of awesome nature at work is only heightened by the fact that you get to share that magic with other people. The ASEC guys get this and that’s why we wanted to work with them so much. A great example of this, and a personal favourite of mine, was with a guy from Brazil called Tiago. We had seen him on several trips over a week or two on the boat photographing sharks. He was very reserved and quiet but once we got talking to him (and saw his incredible images) we realised what a passion we shared. We ended up with a night over the dinner table in a local restaurant where we made friends with this awesome guy and then I got to share the cage with him on a few dives, which was beyond incredible, because I knew and understood the person with me watching these sharks swim around us.

Jeff: I remember well the first time I ever dived with sharks – it was exactly two weeks after seeing the movie Jaws. The film did give me a few restless nights but as soon as I got into the water with them (reef sharks, not Great Whites) I was completely relaxed and awed. How was the build up for you to your first dive? What were you thinking and hoping for the first time you climbed into the cage to be underwater and close up to the sharks?

Rachel: I was absolutely terrified. I remember my husband mixed up our first days itinerary (when we went in 2011 on holiday, not the filming!) and we thought we had another day before the first dive, until our guest house owners came to see us to tell us that ASEC had been in touch to confirm that we were good for our dive the next day. Next day?! I lay in bed that night terrified! On the jetty down to the boat the next morning my knees were literally knocking together. I was shaking.

As I climbed into the cage I thought I might die. I was that scared. I still thought it was really dangerous. Once in the water and seeing how relaxed sharks were I relaxed and started to enjoy it and all those misconceptions just disappeared in seconds. I cannot stress this enough. If you believe what is shown to you in popular media, you will discover once out there that what they show you is about 0.5% of what actually occurs. So the build-up was the only fearful part, in my own mind, not the sharks. They were far from scary.

Ricardo: For me it was not so much a fear of sharks, it was a fear of open water. I would not even go beyond knee deep in a lake for a ridiculous fear that something is there. It was always the water though, the expanse of it, the feeling of being out of your element. So the proposition of being out on a boat in the open water was in my mind constantly and it terrified me going out there. The sharks came second to that. Until, like Rachel, we got out there and it all changed. The trip out on that first dive in the early hours of the morning with the sun only just about to peek out behind the mountains was just life changing – before we even saw a shark! The first encounter I had up close was five minutes into the cage. My wife prodded me and motioned to me. I turned to my right and a 4 metre Great White was heading right for the cage, probably confused and unfortunately, briefly, it had its nose in the cage, which is not good for anyone. However, from a fear of open water only hours before I was staring through my dive mask at the open throat of a Great White Shark just half a metre from my face and it was a serene and peaceful moment. Talk about a defining marker in my bond with open water!

Jeff: By the way, what cameras did you shoot particular aspects of the film with?

Ricardo: We used a combination of some Sony HD gear, there’s some shots on Red cameras, there’s some cheap little camcorders, and there’s a ton of GoPro’s! Part of the pitch to get GoPro involved was just how versatile their cameras are and how we could prove we could utilise them to a greater extent for film making, rather than just sports and action activities – so that came with a desire to use them as much as possible. They graced me with the new model that was out at the time, the Hero4 Black, and I shot a ton of stuff in 2k and 1080 60fps. They were amazing! I don’t to focus on gear to be honest and rarely discuss in detail unless I have to, because having used everything from the most expensive cameras to the cheapest cameras I am well versed in plenty of hardware….but to get too involved in gear I find can be intimidating for new film makers and students. There’s a misconception that you have to have the best of the best but it depends on what you are filming. That’s why I loved hooking up with GoPro and it’s been a fruitful relationship since. These tiny cameras open up a world for film makers, especially divers, if you can just get past the peer snobbery which exists way too much. A game changer for me was when the documentary “Searching For Sugarman” won the Best Documentary Oscar and there’s was a load of material in that film shot on a phone! So gear talk is cool in some respects but get your story in place and the gear is not that important. Underwater film makers are currently turning off and calling me names by the way which is fine, I can take it!

Jeff: The film version I saw ran for 94 minutes, which is quite a long time for a documentary. What determined its length?

Ricardo: It’s a longer time for a TV broadcasted documentary but not for the modern indie feature documentary, which was always our intent. We never intended it for TV, largely because of the running time restrictions. The length was always a discussion between us, as we started with many weeks’ worth of footage and once pieced together against our original structure it ran at approx. 4 hours! Obviously that had to come down. We got down to 2 hours, then a 1hr 40mins cut and then a final trim down to 94mins.

We would normally determine a running time by the needs of the story but in this case we had such a different need from our potential audiences. For the shark nuts out there we know full well a 2 hour cut would have been heaven to bring in a ton more debate, discussion and more shark footage. But a more casual viewer, who we desperately wanted to appeal to, would turn off. So the running time and structure is a balance of the two. At some point you have to draw a line and say “it’s done” and put it out there as a piece. We get so many reactions from “wish you had put more in” to “you put too much in” and somewhere in between!

Rachel: As ever I am always quite critical of Ricardo’s work! That’s how we work. If I wasn’t happy I said so, much to my husband’s disappointment. In the end he always agreed with me, even if it took him a week to come round to it. He would get completely stoked about a particular section or interview and I would be more objective about it as I was not the editor, I hadn’t spent the last week working on a ten minute section. So we really made a great team as we both had different audiences in mind and how much of each topic they would be interested in. Like Ricardo said, the intention was always to make a feature documentary. We have had broadcast offers, which would require getting down to 60 minutes or less, which would never work for us. Sadly, so many of those offers asked for more blood and guts and teeth and could we add more in. Clearly that was not for us.

Come back for the 3rd and final part of Jeff’s interview with Ricardo and Rachel next week!

Haven’t seen Great White Shark Legend yet? You can buy or rent it at www.greatwhitesharklegend.com.

Jeff is a multiple award winning, freelance TV cameraman/film maker and author. Having made both terrestrial and marine films, it is the world's oceans and their conservation that hold his passion with over 10.000 dives in his career. Having filmed for international television companies around the world and author of two books on underwater filming, Jeff is Author/Programme Specialist for the 'Underwater Action Camera' course for the RAID training agency. Jeff has experienced the rapid advances in technology for diving as well as camera equipment and has also experienced much of our planet’s marine life, witnessing, first hand, many of the changes that have occurred to the wildlife and environment during that time. Jeff runs bespoke underwater video and editing workshops for the complete beginner up to the budding professional.

Marine Life & Conservation

New report shows simple measures needed to cut beach plastic pollution

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The Marine Conservation Society has launched its annual State of our Beaches 2023 report, highlighting the need for less single-use plastic items and more refillable options.

The charity’s beach cleaning programme, now in its 30th year, asks volunteers to record all litter that they find within a 100-metre stretch of beach. By gathering vital data from across the UK and Channel Islands, the charity creates change for cleaner seas and a healthier planet through policy and industry change. Last year, over 148 kilometres of beach were surveyed by volunteers, who removed 17,208kgs of litter from our coast.

Using data collected by over 14,000 volunteers, the State of our Beaches 2023 report shows that half of all litter collected came from public sources – either dumped, blown or washed onto our beaches.

Drinks-related litter, such as plastic bottles, caps and cans were one of the most found items, with an average of 16 found per 100 metres of beach surveyed. This figure is up 14% compared to the charity’s 2022 report.

Plastics caps and lids were recorded on 89% of surveys, with over 30,000 found in total. Plastic bottles were also commonly collected, with 73% of surveys finding this single-use item – a 4% increase compared to 2022. The charity’s inland litter pick survey, Source to Sea, also reported finding plastic bottles on 92% of cleans.

However, the charity’s State of Our Beaches 2023 report also indicates that some types of litter are on a downward trend. Although still in the top 10 litter items, disposable plastic cutlery, trays and straws were found on 5% fewer beaches across the UK, showing that bans on these plastic items between 2022 – 2023 could be working. The presence of plastic cotton bud sticks also dropped by 14%.

Lizzie Price, Beachwatch Manager at the Marine Conservation Society, said, “Half of the litter found on our beaches originates from public sources, underscoring the pressing issue of single-use plastic. Evidence shows that refillable alternatives and litter return schemes effectively reduce rubbish, as demonstrated by the decline our data has shown in items like plastic bags and disposable cutlery.

“Urgent and decisive action from UK governments is needed to accelerate our shift towards a circular economy, where we reuse, repair and recycle. The public needs greater access to refillable products and systems need to be implemented in which manufacturers are responsible for their waste.”

Governments across the UK have committed to delivering deposit return schemes from October 2025. However, the proposed scheme in England does not include glass items, despite glass being found on 52% of beaches in 2023. The charity is calling for governments across the UK to introduce compatible all inclusive deposit return schemes as soon as possible. This would see aluminium cans, and plastic and glass bottles have a 20p deposit which would be returned when recycled which would reduce drinks-related pollution.

Businesses are, however, starting to take refillable and reusable options into their own hands. Supermarket chain, Aldi, the largest corporate funder of the charity’s 2024 Beachwatch programme, is already leading the charge in refillable items by trialling refillable options for cereals and porridge oats in their stores over the past 5 months.

Plastics and Packaging Director, Luke Emery, from Aldi, who are running 4 beach cleans for staff and volunteers in 2024, said, We are continually working to reduce single-use plastics and packaging, and making unpackaged product options more commonplace for our customers is a key part of this. We are really pleased with the uptake of our refillable range so far by customers. Not only are we making sustainable shopping more accessible, but we also offer refill products for a better price than the packaged alternative, helping our customers save money.”

Marine litter is one of the biggest threats to our seas, with plastic breaking down over time into microplastics and threatening marine life which can ingest or become entangled in them. The Marine Conservation Society is urging the UK Government to move faster on its policies to cut down plastic waste and prevent items from reaching our seas.

To find out more about the charity’s beach cleans and how to get involved, please visit mcsuk.org/beach-cleans

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Guarding Against Coral Invaders

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Protecting (Dutch) Caribbean Reefs from Unomia stolonifera

Recent reports highlight the concerning spread of the invasive soft coral, Unomia stolonifera, currently devastating Venezuela’s marine ecosystems and detected in Cuba. With the potential threat of its expansion to the (Dutch) Caribbean islands, urgent action and awareness are essential to safeguard marine biodiversity and local economies from possible catastrophic consequences.

Invasive species are animals or plants from another region of the world that don’t belong in their new environment. These species can have major ecological effects by decimating native flora or fauna. They can also cause large economic losses and impact human health. Invasive species also pose a significant threat to marine ecosystems worldwide, including the Dutch Caribbean. Among these invaders is the octocoral species Unomia stolonifera or “Pulsing Xenia”, originally from the Indo-Pacific. With its rapid growth and lack of natural predators, this species can outcompete native species and disrupt fragile marine habitats such as seagrass beds and coral reefs.

Background

The invasive soft coral U. stolonifera was first identified in 2014, off the coast of Venezuela. It is believed to have been introduced via the illegal aquarium trade.  Since this species can reproduce sexually and asexually (or fragment), even small pieces can regenerate to spread.  Once introduced it quickly took over shallow reefs and hard substrate at depths of 0-50 meters, outcompeting local corals and seagrass for space.  Follow on surveys found that this coral species exhibited average percentage cover as high as 80%, vastly outcompeting native corals. In highly colonized areas, fish are disappearing due to loss of habitats.

In 2022, during a survey conducted in Cuba by the University of Havana, an unknown octocoral was discovered which was later identified as the invasive Unomia stolonifera. It is suspected that the coral larvae arrived in ballast water from fossil fuel ships originating from Venezuela, as nearby sites adjacent to Venezuelan ports have been heavily affected by the invasion.

How to help

Prevention through continuous monitoring, particularly in high-risk areas such as marine harbors and oil facilities, is paramount. Early detection plays a pivotal role in mitigating the threat posed by Unomia stolonifera.

The public’s involvement and awareness are also vital. Local communities, recreational divers, tourists, and all stakeholders are urged to participate in early detection efforts by reporting sightings (photo, location and date) of this invasive coral to their respective Protected Area Management Organization (PMO’s)- the Fundacion Parke Nacional Aruba (FPNA)STINAPA BonaireCARMABI Curaçao Saba Conservation Foundation (SCF)Nature Foundation St. Maarten (NFSXM) and St. Eustatius National Parks (STENAPA). If an invaded area is confirmed, follow the recommendations by the local PMO’s.

Keys to Success

Despite the challenges, early detection is key to mitigating the threat posed by Unomia stolonifera. With continued vigilance, research, and community engagement, there is hope for containing this potential issue before it becomes a major threat.

About the DCNA

The Dutch Caribbean Nature Alliance (DCNA) supports (science) communication and outreach in the Dutch Caribbean region by making nature related (scientific) information more widely available through amongst others the Dutch Caribbean Biodiversity Database, DCNA’s news platform BioNews and through the press. This article contains the results from several scientific studies but the studies themselves are not DCNA studies. No rights can be derived from the content. DCNA is not liable for the content and the in(direct) impacts resulting from publishing this article.

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